E coli tRNA coding for Serine TGA anti-codon
E. coli tRNA^Ser(TGA) is an 88-nucleotide transfer RNA that decodes UCA serine codons via its TGA (UGA) anticodon and is aminoacylated exclusively by seryl-tRNA synthetase (SerRS). Like all bacterial serine tRNAs, it carries a distinctive long variable arm that functions as the primary identity element for SerRS recognition. Notably, SerRS does not read the anticodon, making tRNA^Ser identity anticodon-independent. It adopts the canonical cloverleaf secondary structure and L-shaped tertiary fold, and has been extensively studied for its unique aminoacylation identity rules, cross-species synthetase compatibility, and as a model for understanding how synthetases distinguish tRNA isoacceptors through structural rather than sequence-based features. Its well-characterized biochemistry makes it a valuable tool for in vitro translation, synthetase specificity studies, and orthogonal translation system design.
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